Roasting coffeetransforms the chemical and physical properties ofgreen coffee beansinto roastedcoffeeproducts. The roasting process is what produces the characteristic flavor of coffee by causing the green coffee beans to change in taste. Unroasted beans contain similar if not higher levels ofacids,protein, sugars, andcaffeineas those that have been roasted, but lack the taste of roasted coffee beans due to theMaillardand other chemical reactions that occur during roasting.
The vast majority of coffee is roasted commercially on a large scale, but small-scale commercial roasting has grown significantly with the trend toward"single-origin" coffeesserved at specialty shops. Some coffee drinkers evenroast coffee at homeas a hobby in order to both experiment with the flavor profile of the beans and ensure the freshest possible roast.