Best Quality Toumaline

Tourmalines
Quick details:
Density
2.82-3.32
Hardness
7-7.5
Crystal habit
Parallel and elongated. Acicular prisms, sometimes radiating. Massive. Scattered grains (in granite)
Crystal system
Trigonal
Cleavage
Indistinct
Fracture
Uneven, small conchoidal, brittle
Luster
Vitreous, sometimes resinous
Streak
White
Specific gravity
3.06 (+.20 -.06)
Polish luster
Vitreous
Optical properties
Double refractive, uniaxial negative
Refractive index
nω=1.635–1.675, nε=1.610–1.650
Birefringence
-0.018 to -0.040; typically about .020 but in dark stones it may reach .040
Pleochroism
typically moderate to strong
Red Tourmaline: Definite; dark red,light red
Green Tourmaline: Strong; dark green, yellow-green
Brown Tourmaline: Definite; dark brown, light brown
Blue Tourmaline: Strong; dark blue, light blue
Dispersion
.017
Ultraviolet
pink stones—inert to very weak
Fluorescence
red to violet in long and short wave
Absorption spectra
a strong narrow band at 498 nm, and almost complete absorption of red down to 640nm in blue and green stones; red and pink stones show lines at 458 and 451nm as well as a broad band in the green spectrum
Tourmaline four special features:
1, launch far infrared
2, release negative ions
3, bioelectrical characteristics
4, minerals and trace elements
Usage:
Tourmaline can generate negative ions under passive conditions; far-infrared emissivity can reach 0.93; conductive composite coating containing tourmaline powder can range from 16MHz to above in the range of 30MHz-1GHz; adjust the PH value of water to medium Sex; activated water molecules, etc.
Synthesis of Composite Tourmaline Materials and Their Application on Aquaculture Water Treatment
A new type of porous ceramic tourmaline ball has been synthesized and its application on treatment of aquaculture water is studied. The new tourmaaline ceramics was synthesized by mixingthe tourmaline powder, bamboo scraps, cement, blowingagents, and water glass with conglobulation then be put into an oven under hightemperature.The tourmaline ceramics retains the basic properties of tuormaline, that is regulating the pH value in the range of 7.5-8.0, releasing negative ions, eradiating infrared etc. The furthe bacterium inoculation experiment of the denitrifying bacteria indicate that that tourmaline can improve the reproductive capacity demitrifying bacteria. The rate of nitrogen removal is in more than 90 %. A new type of tourmaline composite materials was synthesised. The result shows that the materials can purify and activate the water. The nitrate and nitrite in water, reducing the cost on treatment of cultivation water.
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